Ionic and covalent bonding

Bonding models help us organize electron redistribution and sharing; real bonding often lies between simple extremes.

Read the picture

The illustration is conceptual. It shows relationships, not a literal photograph of atoms, orbitals or microscopic particles.

Mendeleev

Use the picture to make a prediction first. Then open the deeper science page and see where the simple model works—and where it stops working.

Core Wëssenschaft →