Science

Ideal gas law

The ideal-gas model connects pressure, volume, amount of substance and thermodynamic temperature through PV = nRT. It is an approximation, not a claim that real gases are perfectly ideal. It works best when intermolecular interactions and molecular volume have relatively small effects.

Scientific references

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Connect the idea on this page with one concrete situation. Name the quantity, particle or phenomenon involved, then ask what would change if one variable increased while the others stayed fixed.

Use a simple value first. Predict the direction of the result before calculating, then check units and order of magnitude. If the number is surprising, investigate the model before trusting the calculator.