Données du tableau périodique

Données de référence pour les 118 éléments, avec les colonnes essentielles d’abord et les propriétés atomiques, physiques et historiques disponibles au besoin.

Z	Symbole	Élément	Poids atomique	Groupe	Période	Bloc	Configuration électronique	Électronégativité de Pauling	Rayon atomique calculé	Rayon covalent (liaison simple)	Première énergie d’ionisation	Masse volumique de référence	Fusion	Ébullition	Découverte
1	H	Hydrogène	[1.00784, 1.00811]	1	1	s	1s1	2.2	53	32	1,312.049	8.988e-05	13.835	20.271	1766
2	He	Hélium	4.002602(2)	18	1	s	1s2	—	31	46	2,372.322	0.0001786	—	4.222	1895
3	Li	Lithium	[6.938, 6.997]	1	2	s	[He]2s1	0.98	167	133	520.221	0.534	453.61	1,603	1817
4	Be	Béryllium	9.0121831(5)	2	2	s	[He]2s2	1.57	112	102	899.504	1.85	1,556	2,742	1798
5	B	Bore	[10.806, 10.821]	13	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p1	2.04	87	85	800.637	2.34	2,365	4,200	1808
6	C	Carbone	[12.0096, 12.0116]	14	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p2	2.55	67	75	1,086.453	2.267	—	—	c. 3750 BCE
7	N	Azote	[14.00643, 14.00728]	15	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p3	3.04	56	71	1,402.33	0.001251	63.172	77.355	1772
8	O	Oxygène	[15.99903, 15.99977]	16	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p4	3.44	48	63	1,313.943	0.001429	54.3705	90.188	1771
9	F	Fluor	18.998403162(5)	17	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p5	3.98	42	64	1,681.047	0.0017	53.54	85.04	1886
10	Ne	Néon	20.1797(6)	18	2	p	[He]2s2, 2p6	—	38	67	2,080.662	0.0009002	24.5653	27.104	1898
11	Na	Sodium	22.98976928(2)	1	3	s	[Ne]3s1	0.93	190	155	495.846	0.968	370.93	1,156.09	1807
12	Mg	Magnésium	[24.304, 24.307]	2	3	s	[Ne]3s2	1.31	145	139	737.75	1.738	923	1,363	1755
13	Al	Aluminium	26.9815384(3)	13	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p1	1.61	118	126	577.539	2.7	933.473	2,743	1824
14	Si	Silicium	[28.084, 28.086]	14	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p2	1.9	111	116	786.518	2.33	1,688	3,538	1823
15	P	Phosphore	30.973761998(5)	15	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p3	2.19	98	111	1,011.811	1.823	317.3	550	1669
16	S	Soufre	[32.059, 32.076]	16	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p4	2.58	88	103	999.59	1.96	388.36	717.8	c. 500 BCE
17	Cl	Chlore	[35.446, 35.457]	17	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p5	3.16	79	99	1,251.186	0.0032	172.2	239.11	1774
18	Ar	Argon	[39.792, 39.963]	18	3	p	[Ne]3s2, 3p6	—	71	96	1,520.571	0.001784	83.8138	87.302	1894
19	K	Potassium	39.0983(1)	1	4	s	[Ar]4s1	0.82	243	196	418.81	0.89	336.84	1,032	1807
20	Ca	Calcium	40.078(4)	2	4	s	[Ar]4s2	1.0	194	171	589.83	1.55	1,115	1,757	1808
21	Sc	Scandium	44.955907(4)	3	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d1	1.36	184	148	633.088	2.985	1,814	3,109	1879
22	Ti	Titane	47.867(1)	4	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d2	1.54	176	136	658.813	4.506	1,943	3,560	1791
23	V	Vanadium	50.9415(1)	5	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d3	1.63	171	134	650.908	6.11	2,201	3,680	1830
24	Cr	Chrome	51.9961(6)	6	4	d	[Ar]4s1, 3d5	1.66	166	122	652.869	7.15	2,180	2,952.078	1797
25	Mn	Manganèse	54.938043(2)	7	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d5	1.55	161	119	717.276	7.21	1,519	2,334	1774
26	Fe	Fer	55.845(2)	8	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d6	1.83	156	116	762.472	7.86	1,811	3,134	c. 2000 BCE
27	Co	Cobalt	58.933194(3)	9	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d7	1.88	152	111	760.402	8.9	1,768	3,200	1735
28	Ni	Nickel	58.6934(4)	10	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d8	1.91	149	110	737.136	8.908	1,729	3,003	1751
29	Cu	Cuivre	63.546(3)	11	4	d	[Ar]4s1, 3d10	1.9	145	112	745.482	8.96	1,357.77	2,835	c. 8000 BCE
30	Zn	Zinc	65.38(2)	12	4	d	[Ar]4s2, 3d10	1.65	142	118	906.402	7.14	692.677	1,180	1746
31	Ga	Gallium	69.723(1)	13	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p1	1.81	136	124	578.845	5.91	302.915	2,673	1875
32	Ge	Germanium	72.630(8)	14	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p2	2.01	125	121	762.18	5.323	1,211.4	3,106	1886
33	As	Arsenic	74.921595(6)	15	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p3	2.18	114	121	944.451	5.727	—	—	1250
34	Se	Sélénium	78.971(8)	16	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p4	2.55	103	116	940.96	4.81	494.2	958	1817
35	Br	Brome	[79.901, 79.907]	17	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p5	2.96	94	114	1,139.859	3.1028	265.9	332	1825
36	Kr	Krypton	83.798(2)	18	4	p	[Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p6	3.0	88	117	1,350.757	0.003749	115.7969	119.735	1898
37	Rb	Rubidium	85.4678(3)	1	5	s	[Kr]5s1	0.82	265	210	403.032	1.532	312.46	961	1861
38	Sr	Strontium	87.62(1)	2	5	s	[Kr]5s2	0.95	219	185	549.471	2.64	1,041	1,650	1787
39	Y	Yttrium	88.905838(2)	3	5	d	[Kr]5s2, 4d1	1.22	212	163	599.874	4.472	1,795	3,203	1794
40	Zr	Zirconium	91.222(3)	4	5	d	[Kr]5s2, 4d2	1.33	206	154	640.096	6.52	2,128	4,650	1789
41	Nb	Niobium	92.90637(1)	5	5	d	[Kr]5s1, 4d4	1.6	198	147	652.13	8.57	2,745	5,017	1801
42	Mo	Molybdène	95.95(1)	6	5	d	[Kr]5s1, 4d5	2.16	190	138	684.315	10.28	2,895	4,912	1781
43	Tc	Technétium	[97]	7	5	d	[Kr]5s2, 4d5	1.9	183	128	686.916	11	2,429	4,538	1937
44	Ru	Ruthénium	101.07(2)	8	5	d	[Kr]5s1, 4d7	2.2	178	125	710.18	12.45	2,606	4,423	1844
45	Rh	Rhodium	102.90549(2)	9	5	d	[Kr]5s1, 4d8	2.28	173	125	719.674	12.41	2,236	3,968	1804
46	Pd	Palladium	106.42(1)	10	5	d	[Kr]4d10	2.2	169	120	804.383	12.023	1,828	3,236	1802
47	Ag	Argent	107.8682(2)	11	5	d	[Kr]5s1, 4d10	1.93	165	128	730.995	10.49	1,234.93	2,483	c. 3000 BCE
48	Cd	Cadmium	112.414(4)	12	5	d	[Kr]5s2, 4d10	1.69	161	136	867.772	8.65	594.2186	1,040	1817
49	In	Indium	114.818(1)	13	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p1	1.78	156	142	558.298	7.31	429.7485	2,345	1863
50	Sn	Étain	118.710(7)	14	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p2	1.96	145	140	708.58	7.265	505.078	2,875	c. 3000 BCE
51	Sb	Antimoine	121.760(1)	15	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p3	2.05	133	140	830.583	6.697	903.77	1,908	815
52	Te	Tellure	127.60(3)	16	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p4	2.1	123	136	869.314	6.24	722.72	1,261	1782
53	I	Iode	126.90447(3)	17	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p5	2.66	115	133	1,008.391	4.933	386.8	457.4	1811
54	Xe	Xénon	131.293(6)	18	5	p	[Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p6	2.6	108	131	1,170.352	0.005894	161.414	165.051	1898
55	Cs	Césium	132.90545196(6)	1	6	s	[Xe]6s1	0.79	298	232	375.705	1.93	301.66	944	1860
56	Ba	Baryum	137.327(7)	2	6	s	[Xe]6s2	0.89	253	196	502.849	3.51	1,000	2,118.599	1808
57	La	Lanthane	138.90547(7)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 5d1	1.1	226	180	538.089	6.162	1,192	3,737	1838
58	Ce	Cérium	140.116(1)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f1, 5d1	1.12	210	163	534.394	6.77	1,070	3,716	1803
59	Pr	Praséodyme	140.90766(1)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f3	1.13	247	176	—	6.77	1,208	3,403	1885
60	Nd	Néodyme	144.242(3)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f4	1.14	206	174	533.057	7.01	1,289	3,347	1885
61	Pm	Prométhium	[145]	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f5	—	205	173	538.569	7.26	1,315	3,273	1945
62	Sm	Samarium	150.36(2)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f6	1.17	238	172	544.536	7.52	1,346	2,173	1879
63	Eu	Europium	151.964(1)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f7	—	231	168	547.109	5.244	1,095	1,802	1901
64	Gd	Gadolinium	157.249(2)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f7, 5d1	1.2	233	169	593.365	7.9	1,591	3,273	1880
65	Tb	Terbium	158.925354(7)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f9	—	225	168	565.771	8.23	1,624	3,396	1843
66	Dy	Dysprosium	162.500(1)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f10	1.22	228	167	573.032	8.54	1,683	2,840	1886
67	Ho	Holmium	164.930329(5)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f11	1.23	226	166	580.986	8.79	1,742	2,873	1878
68	Er	Erbium	167.259(3)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f12	1.24	226	165	589.303	9.066	1,795	3,141	1843
69	Tm	Thulium	168.934219(5)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f13	1.25	222	164	596.704	9.32	1,822	2,223	1879
70	Yb	Ytterbium	173.045(10)	—	6	f	[Xe]6s2, 4f14	—	222	170	603.435	6.9	1,091	1,469	1878
71	Lu	Lutécium	174.96669(5)	3	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d1	1.27	217	162	523.517	9.841	1,950	3,675	1906
72	Hf	Hafnium	178.486(6)	4	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d2	1.3	208	152	658.519	13.31	2,504	4,876	1922
73	Ta	Tantale	180.94788(2)	5	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d3	1.5	200	146	728.423	16.69	3,280	5,731	1802
74	W	Tungstène	183.84(1)	6	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d4	2.36	193	137	758.764	19.25	3,687	6,203	1783
75	Re	Rhénium	186.207(1)	7	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d5	1.9	188	131	755.82	21.02	3,463	5,869	1925
76	Os	Osmium	190.23(3)	8	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d6	2.2	185	129	814.165	22.59	3,328	5,285	1803
77	Ir	Iridium	192.217(2)	9	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d7	2.2	180	122	865.186	22.56	2,719	4,403	1803
78	Pt	Platine	195.084(9)	10	6	d	[Xe]6s1, 4f14, 5d9	2.28	177	123	864.396	21.45	2,041.9	4,098	1735
79	Au	Or	196.966570(4)	11	6	d	[Xe]6s1, 4f14, 5d10	2.54	174	124	890.131	19.3	1,337.33	3,243	c. 4000 BCE
80	Hg	Mercure	200.592(3)	12	6	d	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10	2.0	171	133	1,007.066	13.534	234.321	629.88	c. 1500 BCE
81	Tl	Thallium	[204.382, 204.385]	13	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p1	1.62	156	144	589.36	11.85	577	1,746	1861
82	Pb	Plomb	[206.14, 207.94]	14	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p2	1.87	154	144	715.601	11.34	600.612	2,022	c. 3800 BCE
83	Bi	Bismuth	208.98040(1)	15	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p3	2.02	143	151	702.945	9.78	544.556	1,837	1400
84	Po	Polonium	[209]	16	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p4	2.0	135	145	812.22	9.196	527	1,235	1898
85	At	Astate	[210]	17	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p5	2.2	127	147	899.003	—	575	—	1940
86	Rn	Radon	[222]	18	6	p	[Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p6	—	120	142	1,037.073	0.00973	202	211.5	1899
87	Fr	Francium	[223]	1	7	s	[Rn]7s1	0.7	—	223	392.96	—	300	923	1939
88	Ra	Radium	[226]	2	7	s	[Rn]7s2	0.9	—	201	509.29	5	969	1,773	1898
89	Ac	Actinium	[227]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 6d1	1.1	—	186	519.114	10	1,324	3,473	1902
90	Th	Thorium	232.0377(4)	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 6d2	1.3	—	175	608.504	11.7	2,020	5,058	1829
91	Pa	Protactinium	231.03588(1)	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f2, 6d1	1.5	—	169	—	15.37	1,843	4,273	1913
92	U	Uranium	238.02891(3)	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f3, 6d1	1.38	—	170	597.635	19.1	1,407	4,404	1789
93	Np	Neptunium	[237]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f4, 6d1	1.36	—	171	604.539	20.2	913	4,273	1940
94	Pu	Plutonium	[244]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f6	1.28	—	172	581.397	19.816	913	3,501	1940
95	Am	Américium	[243]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f7	1.13	—	166	576.385	12	1,449	2,880	1944
96	Cm	Curium	[247]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f7, 6d1	1.28	—	166	578.163	13.51	1,619	3,383	1944
97	Bk	Berkélium	[247]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f9	1.3	—	168	598.002	14.78	1,323	—	1949
98	Cf	Californium	[251]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f10	1.3	—	168	606.109	15.1	1,173	—	1950
99	Es	Einsteinium	[252]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f11	1.3	—	165	614.457	8.84	1,133	—	1952
100	Fm	Fermium	[257]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f12	1.3	—	167	—	—	1,125	—	1952
101	Md	Mendélévium	[258]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f13	1.3	—	173	—	—	1,100	—	1955
102	No	Nobélium	[259]	—	7	f	[Rn]7s2, 5f14	1.3	—	176	639.332	—	1,100	—	1966
103	Lr	Lawrencium	[262]	3	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 7p1	1.3	—	161	478.567	—	1,900	—	1961
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	[267]	4	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d2	—	—	157	—	—	—	—	1969
105	Db	Dubnium	[268]	5	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d3	—	—	149	—	—	—	—	1970
106	Sg	Seaborgium	[269]	6	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d4	—	—	143	—	—	—	—	1974
107	Bh	Bohrium	[270]	7	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d5	—	—	141	—	—	—	—	1981
108	Hs	Hassium	[269]	8	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d6	—	—	134	—	—	—	—	1984
109	Mt	Meitnérium	[277]	9	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d7	—	—	129	—	—	—	—	1982
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	[281]	10	7	d	[Rn]5f14, 6d9, 7s1	—	—	128	—	—	—	—	1994
111	Rg	Roentgenium	[282]	11	7	d	[Rn]5f14, 6d10, 7s1	—	—	121	—	—	—	—	1994
112	Cn	Copernicium	[285]	12	7	d	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10	—	—	122	—	—	—	—	1996
113	Nh	Nihonium	[286]	13	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p1	—	—	136	—	—	—	—	2004
114	Fl	Flérovium	[290]	14	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p2	—	—	143	—	—	—	—	1998
115	Mc	Moscovium	[290]	15	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p3	—	—	162	—	—	—	—	2003
116	Lv	Livermorium	[293]	16	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p4	—	—	175	—	—	—	—	2000
117	Ts	Tennesse	[294]	17	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p5	—	—	165	—	—	—	—	2009
118	Og	Oganesson	[294]	18	7	p	[Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p6	—	—	157	—	—	—	—	2002

Les différentes définitions du rayon restent séparées et les valeurs absentes ne sont pas remplacées par des estimations.

Données du tableau périodique

Le tableau périodique

Tendances périodiques