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Znane doPierwiastki znane od starożytności pozostają widoczne.
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Dane wszystkich 118 pierwiastków
Tabela odniesienia: liczba atomowa, symbol, nazwa, masa atomowa (lub liczba masowa w nawiasach), grupa, okres, blok i konfiguracja elektronowa.
| Z | Symbol | Pierwiastek | Masa atomowa | Grupa | Okres | Blok | Konfiguracja elektronowa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | Wodór | [1.00784, 1.00811] | 1 | 1 | s | 1s1 |
| 2 | He | Hel | 4.002602(2) | 18 | 1 | s | 1s2 |
| 3 | Li | Lit | [6.938, 6.997] | 1 | 2 | s | [He]2s1 |
| 4 | Be | Beryl | 9.0121831(5) | 2 | 2 | s | [He]2s2 |
| 5 | B | Bor | [10.806, 10.821] | 13 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p1 |
| 6 | C | Węgiel | [12.0096, 12.0116] | 14 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p2 |
| 7 | N | Azot | [14.00643, 14.00728] | 15 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p3 |
| 8 | O | Tlen | [15.99903, 15.99977] | 16 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p4 |
| 9 | F | Fluor | 18.998403162(5) | 17 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p5 |
| 10 | Ne | Neon | 20.1797(6) | 18 | 2 | p | [He]2s2, 2p6 |
| 11 | Na | Sód | 22.98976928(2) | 1 | 3 | s | [Ne]3s1 |
| 12 | Mg | Magnez | [24.304, 24.307] | 2 | 3 | s | [Ne]3s2 |
| 13 | Al | Glin | 26.9815384(3) | 13 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p1 |
| 14 | Si | Krzem | [28.084, 28.086] | 14 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p2 |
| 15 | P | Fosfor | 30.973761998(5) | 15 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p3 |
| 16 | S | Siarka | [32.059, 32.076] | 16 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p4 |
| 17 | Cl | Chlor | [35.446, 35.457] | 17 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p5 |
| 18 | Ar | Argon | [39.792, 39.963] | 18 | 3 | p | [Ne]3s2, 3p6 |
| 19 | K | Potas | 39.0983(1) | 1 | 4 | s | [Ar]4s1 |
| 20 | Ca | Wapń | 40.078(4) | 2 | 4 | s | [Ar]4s2 |
| 21 | Sc | Skand | 44.955907(4) | 3 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d1 |
| 22 | Ti | Tytan | 47.867(1) | 4 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d2 |
| 23 | V | Wanad | 50.9415(1) | 5 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d3 |
| 24 | Cr | Chrom | 51.9961(6) | 6 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s1, 3d5 |
| 25 | Mn | Mangan | 54.938043(2) | 7 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d5 |
| 26 | Fe | Żelazo | 55.845(2) | 8 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d6 |
| 27 | Co | Kobalt | 58.933194(3) | 9 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d7 |
| 28 | Ni | Nikiel | 58.6934(4) | 10 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d8 |
| 29 | Cu | Miedź | 63.546(3) | 11 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s1, 3d10 |
| 30 | Zn | Cynk | 65.38(2) | 12 | 4 | d | [Ar]4s2, 3d10 |
| 31 | Ga | Gal | 69.723(1) | 13 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p1 |
| 32 | Ge | German | 72.630(8) | 14 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p2 |
| 33 | As | Arsen | 74.921595(6) | 15 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p3 |
| 34 | Se | Selen | 78.971(8) | 16 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p4 |
| 35 | Br | Brom | [79.901, 79.907] | 17 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p5 |
| 36 | Kr | Krypton | 83.798(2) | 18 | 4 | p | [Ar]4s2, 3d10, 4p6 |
| 37 | Rb | Rubid | 85.4678(3) | 1 | 5 | s | [Kr]5s1 |
| 38 | Sr | Stront | 87.62(1) | 2 | 5 | s | [Kr]5s2 |
| 39 | Y | Itr | 88.905838(2) | 3 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s2, 4d1 |
| 40 | Zr | Cyrkon | 91.222(3) | 4 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s2, 4d2 |
| 41 | Nb | Niob | 92.90637(1) | 5 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s1, 4d4 |
| 42 | Mo | Molibden | 95.95(1) | 6 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s1, 4d5 |
| 43 | Tc | Technet | [97] | 7 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s2, 4d5 |
| 44 | Ru | Ruten | 101.07(2) | 8 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s1, 4d7 |
| 45 | Rh | Rod | 102.90549(2) | 9 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s1, 4d8 |
| 46 | Pd | Pallad | 106.42(1) | 10 | 5 | d | [Kr]4d10 |
| 47 | Ag | Srebro | 107.8682(2) | 11 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s1, 4d10 |
| 48 | Cd | Kadm | 112.414(4) | 12 | 5 | d | [Kr]5s2, 4d10 |
| 49 | In | Ind | 114.818(1) | 13 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p1 |
| 50 | Sn | Cyna | 118.710(7) | 14 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p2 |
| 51 | Sb | Antymon | 121.760(1) | 15 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p3 |
| 52 | Te | Tellur | 127.60(3) | 16 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p4 |
| 53 | I | Jod | 126.90447(3) | 17 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p5 |
| 54 | Xe | Ksenon | 131.293(6) | 18 | 5 | p | [Kr]5s2, 4d10, 5p6 |
| 55 | Cs | Cez | 132.90545196(6) | 1 | 6 | s | [Xe]6s1 |
| 56 | Ba | Bar | 137.327(7) | 2 | 6 | s | [Xe]6s2 |
| 57 | La | Lantan | 138.90547(7) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 5d1 |
| 58 | Ce | Cer | 140.116(1) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f1, 5d1 |
| 59 | Pr | Prazeodym | 140.90766(1) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f3 |
| 60 | Nd | Neodym | 144.242(3) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f4 |
| 61 | Pm | Promet | [145] | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f5 |
| 62 | Sm | Samar | 150.36(2) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f6 |
| 63 | Eu | Europ | 151.964(1) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f7 |
| 64 | Gd | Gadolin | 157.249(2) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f7, 5d1 |
| 65 | Tb | Terb | 158.925354(7) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f9 |
| 66 | Dy | Dysproz | 162.500(1) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f10 |
| 67 | Ho | Holm | 164.930329(5) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f11 |
| 68 | Er | Erb | 167.259(3) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f12 |
| 69 | Tm | Tul | 168.934219(5) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f13 |
| 70 | Yb | Iterb | 173.045(10) | — | 6 | f | [Xe]6s2, 4f14 |
| 71 | Lu | Lutet | 174.96669(5) | 3 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d1 |
| 72 | Hf | Hafn | 178.486(6) | 4 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d2 |
| 73 | Ta | Tantal | 180.94788(2) | 5 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d3 |
| 74 | W | Wolfram | 183.84(1) | 6 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d4 |
| 75 | Re | Ren | 186.207(1) | 7 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d5 |
| 76 | Os | Osm | 190.23(3) | 8 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d6 |
| 77 | Ir | Iryd | 192.217(2) | 9 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d7 |
| 78 | Pt | Platyna | 195.084(9) | 10 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s1, 4f14, 5d9 |
| 79 | Au | Złoto | 196.966570(4) | 11 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s1, 4f14, 5d10 |
| 80 | Hg | Rtęć | 200.592(3) | 12 | 6 | d | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10 |
| 81 | Tl | Tal | [204.382, 204.385] | 13 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p1 |
| 82 | Pb | Ołów | [206.14, 207.94] | 14 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p2 |
| 83 | Bi | Bizmut | 208.98040(1) | 15 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p3 |
| 84 | Po | Polon | [209] | 16 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p4 |
| 85 | At | Astat | [210] | 17 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p5 |
| 86 | Rn | Radon | [222] | 18 | 6 | p | [Xe]6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p6 |
| 87 | Fr | Frans | [223] | 1 | 7 | s | [Rn]7s1 |
| 88 | Ra | Rad | [226] | 2 | 7 | s | [Rn]7s2 |
| 89 | Ac | Aktyn | [227] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 6d1 |
| 90 | Th | Tor | 232.0377(4) | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 6d2 |
| 91 | Pa | Protaktyn | 231.03588(1) | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f2, 6d1 |
| 92 | U | Uran | 238.02891(3) | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f3, 6d1 |
| 93 | Np | Neptun | [237] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f4, 6d1 |
| 94 | Pu | Pluton | [244] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f6 |
| 95 | Am | Ameryk | [243] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f7 |
| 96 | Cm | Kiur | [247] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f7, 6d1 |
| 97 | Bk | Berkel | [247] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f9 |
| 98 | Cf | Kaliforn | [251] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f10 |
| 99 | Es | Einstein | [252] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f11 |
| 100 | Fm | Ferm | [257] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f12 |
| 101 | Md | Mendelew | [258] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f13 |
| 102 | No | Nobel | [259] | — | 7 | f | [Rn]7s2, 5f14 |
| 103 | Lr | Lorens | [262] | 3 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 7p1 |
| 104 | Rf | Rutherford | [267] | 4 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d2 |
| 105 | Db | Dubn | [268] | 5 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d3 |
| 106 | Sg | Seaborg | [269] | 6 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d4 |
| 107 | Bh | Bohr | [270] | 7 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d5 |
| 108 | Hs | Has | [269] | 8 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d6 |
| 109 | Mt | Meitner | [277] | 9 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d7 |
| 110 | Ds | Darmsztadt | [281] | 10 | 7 | d | [Rn]5f14, 6d9, 7s1 |
| 111 | Rg | Roentgen | [282] | 11 | 7 | d | [Rn]5f14, 6d10, 7s1 |
| 112 | Cn | Kopernik | [285] | 12 | 7 | d | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10 |
| 113 | Nh | Nihon | [286] | 13 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p1 |
| 114 | Fl | Flerow | [290] | 14 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p2 |
| 115 | Mc | Moskow | [290] | 15 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p3 |
| 116 | Lv | Livermor | [293] | 16 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p4 |
| 117 | Ts | Tenes | [294] | 17 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p5 |
| 118 | Og | Oganeson | [294] | 18 | 7 | p | [Rn]7s2, 5f14, 6d10, 7p6 |
Trendy okresowe
Promień atomowy, elektroujemność i energia jonizacji wynikają ze struktury elektronowej. W okresie rosnący efektywny ładunek jądra silniej przyciąga elektrony walencyjne; w grupie kolejne zajęte powłoki zmieniają rozmiar atomu i ekranowanie.
Porównaj dwa pierwiastki
Bezpośrednie porównanie jest szczególnie użyteczne w obrębie okresu, grupy lub dla sąsiednich pierwiastków. Pary Na/K, C/Si i F/Cl szybko pokazują, jak położenie wpływa na kilka właściwości atomowych.
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